Safety-vessel for oils



(No Model.)I

C. J.l RYDER. SAFETY VESSEL FOR OILS.

No. 472,910. y Patented Apr. 12, 1892.

fue Noms rusas co4, muro-mno., wAsmxs-rnn, n. c.

chogue, in the county of Suffolk and State of- New York, have inventedcertain new and UNITEDA STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES JAMES RYDER, OFj PATOHOGUE, NEW YORK.

SAFETY-VESSEL FOR OILS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 472,910, dated April12, 1892.

Application filed May 13, 1891.

To @ZZ whom t mcty'conoern:

Beit known that I, CHARLES JAMES RYDER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Patuseful Improvements inSafety -Vessels for Oils; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to whichl it appertains to make and use theignition of the contents of the vessel while being filled; and my saidinvention is particularly important in its use with the supply-A tanksof gasoline or vapor stoves and with the ordinary supply-cans used tofill such tanks or other vessels.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention as appliedV to thefixed supply-tank of a gasolin e-stove, and the particular matters whichconstitute myinvention will be pointed out in the claims concluding thisspecification.

Referring to the drawings, Figure lIl is a vertical section of a tank orvessel for con-- taining the combustible liquid having my safety deviceapplied thereto and illustrating the operation of filling the vessel.Fig. 2 is a similar view showing my safety device in position toextinguish a flame in the event of ignition.

My invention is designed to render the tank of a gasoline or'vapor stovesafe against explosion under all conditions of danger from the ame ofthe stove, and for this purpose my safety device is applicable to boththe filling and the outlet openings of the tank; but it will beunderstood that it may only be `ap plied to the lling-openin gs.

a is the tank or vessel for containing the liquid, having the usualfilling-orifice and outlet-valve b as used in vapor-stoves. Coincidentwith the supply and the outlet openings ofthe stove-tank I secure aforaminated tube c within the vessel, preferably extending from head tohead and preferably made with com- Serial No. 392,605. (No model.)

paratively fine mesh or openings. A coilspring d Within this tubecarries a disk-valve eat its upper end adapted to close thesupply-orifice at the upper end of the tube. I prefer to use an ordinarydisk-valve having an open guide web standing upward and adapted to closeupward within the vessel. The seat f for the valve I prefer to make byupsetting the metal around the orifice, so as to form a shoulderedrim-seat. This rimmed valve-seat also forms a step or socket to receiveand confine the upper end of the foraminated tube and makea close jointat the valve-seat.

The tank may have the usual screw-neck g to receive the screw-cap of thefilling-orifice; `lout the normal position of the valve is to close thefilling-orifice within the foraminated tube, while'to permit the fillingof the tank this valve is depressed within the tube, so as to uncoverthe seat, andthe position of the valve when so opened is maintained bypressure thereon applied by the nozzle of a funnel or other means usedin such filling.

- It is obvious that if in filling the vessel with the valve heldopened, as described, the liquid should become ignited at thefilling-opening, the flame would be confined within that part of thetube only above the valve, and in such event-the withdrawal of thepressure onthe valve would permit it to be instantly closed by thespring and put out the flame. It will of course be understoodthat inthis contingency the flame cannot pass through the perforations of thetube into the vessel, and for this reason there can be no explosioneither in the tube or in the vessel, for the iiame can neither pass thevalve'or through the walls of the tube, and the vapor which may happento be in the tube above the valve would be the onlyfuel for the flame,and this would be absolutely isolated from the body of the liquid andinstantly put out by the closing of the valve.

I have described the function of the safety device at thefilling-orifice; but I may also apply it for use at the outlet-openingin the bottorn of the vessel, and for this purpose I provide forsupporting a valvez in an open position within the tube to permit thefree outletflow from the tank by means of the plate j of theoutflow-pipe 7c, which plate is soldered to the bottom of the tank, sothat in the event IOO effect the instant closing of the valve 1l withinlthe lower end of the f oraminated tube and put out the tla1ne,whichcould only enter this tube in such event. For this purpose the spring isprovided with a valve at each end, and its force is constantly exertedto close said valves. The seat for the lower valve is formed by ashouldered rim Z, which stands within the tank and forms a ring-bandbearing m for the tube to make a close joint and retain the'tube inposition. In this ease the Valve is maintained in open position by itsguide-Web n, resting upon the soldered plate j, and, like theinlet-valve,is closed by an outward movement under 'the pressure of thespring, but only in the event of the melting of j from the vessel, sothat, except in such contingency, this valve is always open within thetube to permit the outflow of the liquid.

In the provision of the tube it is important that it should be formedwith fine mesh or perforations throughoutits length to prevent iiameentering it at either end by accident from passing into the body of thevessel, since iiame will not pass freely through a surface filledwithsmallholes,andwillthereforebeconfined within the tube, and thusprevent explosion of the tank. ,It is important in such provision thatthe tube have a fixed joining at each end at the inlet and outletopenings in the vessel to prevent free communication between theinterior of the tube and the interior of the tank at these points. It isimportant that both valves be inclosed within this tube and that they bearranged to close upon their seats by a movement from each other bypressure acting in opposite directions upon said valves within saidtube. It is important that the outlet-valve be allowed to close theoutlet-opening only by the action and effect of heat external to thetank and that such Valve be maintained in its normal open position by afixed part connected with the tankhead by means fusible under heat todestroy such connection and release such valve-support to allow thevalve to close the outletopening. This provision of a valve released byheat is broadly new in a safety device for a tank containing infiammableoil, so far as'I know andcan find. In such tanks the outflow supply-pipehas usually been connected to it by solder, the connection of which isliable to be destroyed by external heat caused by the burning of oilfrom leakage at this point, or by the accidental breaking off andfalling of the tank, and in that oil would run out of the tank upon thestove and an explosion of the tank would instantly result. I thereforeprovidea safety device for this outletopening',wl1ich consists of avalve supported permanently in open position Within the foraminated'tubedirectly upon a plate soldered externally on the tank, so that the valvewill be held open for the flow of the oil from the tank so long as thesupport of the valve'forms a fixed closure therefor from the outside ofthe tank. This soldered plate serves at the same time asa meansofreleasing said valve in certain contingencies to al- -low it freedomto close the opening in the tank p both valves, and an external supportfor said outlet-valve secured to the tank by solder to permit theclosing of said outlet-valve in the event stated. f

2. In a safety Vessel or tank for inflammable liquids, the combination,with the said tank having inlet and outlet openings, that for the inletformed by an outward upset shouldered rim f, the opening for the outletformed by an inward upset shouldered rim m, of a tube formed with tinemesh or perfora` tions throughout its length -and having fixed seat orjoint connection within the shouldered rim at the inlet-opening and overand aroundthe shouldered rim of the outlet-opening, a valve within saidtube permanently sustained in open relation to the outlet-opening,avalvewithin said tube normally sustained in closed relation to theinlet-opening, a spiral spring pressing upon both Valves, and anexternal plate soldered to the said tank for supporting saidpermanently-open valve, for the purpose stated.

3. In a safety vessel or tank for infiammable liquids, the combination,with said tank having a topinlet and a bottom outlet opening, of a tubehaving fine perforations and fixed joint connections with both of saidopenings, a valve for each of said openings arranged within said tube,an expansively-acting spring connecting said valves within said tube,and a plate soldered externally upon the tank for supporting the valvein permanent open relation to the outlet-opening, substantially asdescribed, for the purpose stated.

4. In an oil-tank for gasoline-stoves, a safety device for theoutflow-opening of said tank, consisting of a soldered plate for closingsaid opening, a valve-seat at the innerside of said soldered plate, avalve at thevinner side of said seat supported permanently in openposition upon said plate, a spring for holding said Valve upon saidsoldered plate, and a tube having fine perforations inclosing said valveand spring, substantially as described.

5. In an oil-tank for gasoline-stoves, the outflow-opening in said tankclosed by a plate secured by means which is fusible under heat, a Valvewithin said tank supported perma- IOO IIO

nently-in'open position upon said plate, al

wall of said upset rim, and a spring for olosing said valve, whereby inoase of ignition the ame will be confined within the said {illing-tubeand explosion prevented.

7. In a vessel for oils, a safety filling device therefor, consisting ofan outwardly-upset rim having a filling-opening formed. therein, afilling-tube of ine mesh joined to and seated upon the inner wall ofsaid upset rim, inolosing said filling-opening and extending to andseated upon the inner wall at the outlet-opening and inolosing thelatter, a valve Within said tube seated upon the inner wall of saidoutwardly-upset rim, and a spring for closing said valve, for thepurpose stated.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in I presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES JAMES RYDER. Witnesses:l

A. E. H. JOHNSON, PHILIP F. LARNER.

